Friday, January 24, 2020
America, a Democracy? Essay -- essays research papers
America, a Democracy? à à à à à America. Whatââ¬â¢s the first thought to come to your mind after hearing this? Democracy? Land of Rights? That would make sense. America, the land of the free. The land of opportunity. But is America really a democracy? A country for the people, by the people? To an extent, but not exactly. The people of this great country do not have unlimited rights and the freedom to do what they please. Many of the rights guaranteed by the Bill of Rights and the U.S. Constitution are being limited and slowly being taken away. à à à à à Since America is such a powerful country, it follows that the United States President is one of the most powerful figures in the world. Considering the United States is a democracy, it would seem obvious that the people directly elect their leader. Wrong. The popular vote has nothing to do with the election of the president. Instead, the way the president is decided is by whichever candidate wins the most electoral votes. Each state has a certain amount of electoral votes based on the number of people in that stateââ¬â¢s House of Representatives. In most cases, the winner of the electoral vote is also the winner of the popular vote. In a few rare cases though the winner of the popular vote lost the election. This shouldnââ¬â¢t be. The U.S. should have the people directly elect the president. A most recent case was the last election of 2000, Bush vs. Gore. Gore had the popular vote won by a margin...
Thursday, January 16, 2020
Having My Ear Surgery
One of the times that I was most proud of was the time that I had my ear surgery done on December 19. I wanted ear surgery so I can hear better and because of the hole in my ear. Before surgery I was scared and worried that it will hurt so bad and painful. Right before surgery, they numbed my vein with liquid and put an intravenous needle in the numbed skin vein and they put me in the operating room. During surgery, I didnââ¬â¢t feel anything and the doctor started the surgery by making an incision on the ear and he put a patch on it. Next, he put more patches on the part close to my eardrum and then he found an old ear tube close to my eardrum and he removed it. After the surgery I went to the recovery room and stayed there for more than an hour and during that time I had some stuff to eat and then after that we went home. One day someone put hot sauce in a soda bottle and put it in the fridge. I came to take it out and then I started to take the bottle out. Then I started to drink from it and my tongue started to burn and I needed help from mom and I had to drink water to make the burning sensation to go away. The burning sensation went away then I had more hot sauce then the burning sensation came back. The smell was very odoriferous and spicy. The lesson that I learned was before eating or drinking anything you are supposed to check the contents of the container.
Wednesday, January 8, 2020
This Work Displays Efficient Planning Of Work Tasks, Which
This work displays efficient planning of work tasks, which is further categorized to facilitate observation of project progress. Levels, sublevels, milestones, and critical events are accentuated to guide completion of the project. The work breakdown layout and Gantt Chart respectively emphasize specific works for the project as well as tasks to be completed in an opportune structure for successful execution and continuation of the project. Project tasks and project personnel. According to Zaccagnini and White (2014), a project is defined as ââ¬Å"a sequence of tasks with a beginning and an end that is bounded by time and resources and that produces a unique product or service.â⬠A work breakdown structure represents the hierarchicalâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The project will utilize a Zero-Based Budgeting method in efforts to control cost. This approach recalculates all labor power and costs, and then decisions such as whether to continue the function and at what level s is made (Roussel, 2013). In view of the fact there is no budget to compare from the previous year, the budget will start at zero and be based on activities (e.g., salary). Budget content and justification. Each task will be persistently assessed for its necessity to discourage superfluous spending. Hourly costs due to development time and other resources may vary, in which case costs will be adapted accordingly as the project implementation process continues. The projectââ¬â¢s preliminary budget is projected to be $14,176. Direct costs. Due to existing resources such as an electronic medical health record (EMR) and appropriate staff (e.g. information technology (IT)), the majority of the direct costs for implementation of an intrathecal pain therapy program will be attributable to salaries. Approximate salaries were quantified by a national salary online search tool (Salary.com, 2016). The staff education time on behalf of the project managers is recognized and postulated to be approximately hours 40 hours. Indirect costs. Indirect costs include items which are shared by many different entities in the institution, such as, business space, Internet access, and ITShow MoreRelatedThe Gantt Chart For An Organization Essay1144 Words à |à 5 PagesOne: What is a Gantt chart? The Gantt chart is a type of bar chart, which elaborate the project schedule for an organization. The management of the company usesthese chart different dates of different elements and the overall summary of the project, it is used in project management and beneficial in suitable time scale. a. What are five benefits of using a Gantt chart? There are five benefits of Gantt chart in a project management. The first benefit is to avoid the completion confusion, as itRead MoreOrganising And Delegating In The Work Place1634 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿Understanding organizing and delegating in the workplace. AC.1.1 Explain the importance of making effective and efficient use of peopleââ¬â¢s skills while planning a teamââ¬â¢s work to achieve an objectives. Organizing is a function of arranging people and resources to work towards goals. To achieve those goals in effective and efficient manner it is important to have a good knowledge of the teamââ¬â¢s skills. Lack of motivation in the team, fear of undervaluation or poor attitude could fail the goals andRead MoreWhat Is Gantt Chart And Explain What Are Its Advantages And Disadvantages?1394 Words à |à 6 Pagesalso one type of chart which is used to display activities against time in a project or which is used to explain and illustrates working schedule of a project. Advantages of Gantt chart: â⬠¢ Provides a clear view of the project such that what is going on in execution or performing each and evert step. â⬠¢ Displays all the tasks or works against their deadlines including their present status of processing â⬠¢ Provides communication or links for the next status or predecessor task, i.e., what should be doneRead MoreWhat Are The Features Of Three Different Types Of Planning System Including Where How They May Be Typically Used1522 Words à |à 7 Pages Assignment 3 Task 2a Discuss the main features of three different types of planning system including where how they may be typically used. Identify how the critical path is shown and used on each type of planning system. Describe how each system is used to track and address delays in the programme. Explain the effectiveness of each as a planning technique. A plan and planning process are two very different concepts. A plan can become defunct in a short time or written without consultation/inputRead MoreBurns Mcdonnell : Burns And Mcdonnell1375 Words à |à 6 Pages300 representing nearly all design disciplines including engineering, architecture, construction, planning, estimating, economy, technology and science. Across 30 offices within the U.S. and India, Burns McDonnell plans, designs, permits, constructs and manages facilities all over the world with the mission to make their clients successful. I am a current employee of Burns McDonnell, and work out of the Southern California regional offices as a part of the Project Controls group; Brea, CA andRead MoreDifference Between A Pert And Gantt Chart958 Words à |à 4 Pageschart is the way the information is presented. Gantt charts display information in the design of a bar chart. This representation helps show the percentage of work accomplished for each task. On the other hand, PERT shows data as a network model. Meaning that a PERT chart displays an earlier node from which tasks branch out. This helps project managers envision the arrangement of tasks. Together PERT and Gantt charts will show the tasks to be accomplished, but the charts highlight dissimilar partsRead MoreDutch commando corps Essay1194 Words à |à 5 Pagescenter with work sample. In order to assess the candidatesââ¬â¢ physical abilities one would need to make use of a selection method such as the physical abilities test, which with physical challenges would sufficiently display which of the candidates are in league with the requirements of the Dutch Corps Commando Troops, and which of them are not. The physical ability test will determine whether the candidate will manage tough physical tasks such as strength, resistance and coordination, which are consideredRead MoreHenry Gantt s Life And Achievements1577 Words à |à 7 Pages This paper asks the question of why is Henry Gantt, a man who lived in the early 20th century still to this day considered a management pioneer. In order to address the question this paper gives an overview of Henry Ganttââ¬â¢s life and achievements then analyzes of his achievements and how they affected the field of management. Henry Gantt had a brilliant scientific approach to management which he used to further the fiel d. The results of his work while not earth shattering are significant toRead MoreGood Managers versus Bad Managers963 Words à |à 4 Pagesfor all employees. An executiveââ¬â¢s administrative skills are also aimed at particular tasks; for instance deciding of deadlines for projects as well evaluating employee performance all of which makes a vital contribution to making the work system more efficient. For a manager to be termed as successful there is need for them to also have planning skills. There are fourrudimentary steps in the process of planning. The initial step involves the development of objectives coupled with goals. Goals mustRead MoreLowes Companies, Inc.: Strategic Initiatives1611 Words à |à 7 Pagesremains committed to offering quality home improvement products at the lowest prices, while delivering superior customer service. Lowes utilizes both strategic and financial planning in order to further their business and to stay in the competition with other home improvements stores for many years. Using strategic planning, the company has been able to make changes that allowed saving money and improving customers experience. As diligent as Lowes has been over the years, Lowes reported a slight
Tuesday, December 31, 2019
Narrative Essay on My Favorite College Teacher
Narrative Essay on My Favorite College Teacher My Favorite College Teacher There are many different teachers in college and high school that arouse the most controversial emotions. Students have different criteria when choosing their favorites; some of them prefer those who donââ¬â¢t give hard homework assignments, or donââ¬â¢t ask difficult questions. Some students like it when teachers donââ¬â¢t bother them at all and just read their lectures. But I am not one of them. As for me, the most important criterion for my favorite teacher is devotion to the subject he teaches. This feature may seem to be simple and primitive for people, as it is generally accepted fact that to choose a profession of a teacher a person has to love it. It is sad, but those who are really devoted to what they do are really hard to be found. But if you succeed to meet such teachers in your academic career, you are really lucky. They stand out from all the rest, as when they read lectures, they donââ¬â¢t use any additional materials, but only find some captivating illustrations of what they talk about. When they speak, it is really visible that they love what they do, as there is such a shining in their eyes that cannot be missed. Unfortunately, many students donââ¬â¢t like such teachers, as often they have strict requirements as to preparation to classes and ask many questions. But these students just donââ¬â¢t want to know this subject and donââ¬â¢t want to bother with it at all. But all those who are interested in studying will surely appreciate such bright personalities, as they will contaminate such students with love to the subject and show all its peculiarities. I consider myself to be a happy person, as I had such a teacher in college. He taught Biology and it was really interesting to attend his classes and listen to his lectures. I acquired
Sunday, December 22, 2019
Marketing Plan For Cookies Bar - 2348 Words
Background Cookie Bar is a sole proprietorship business located at 11 West 42nd Street, New York City with the mission to make remarkable, inventive, astounding cookies and give them by regional standards at a reasonable cost in a solitary store cookies shop. It is a new startup business that has about 50 employees who are responsible for cookie baking, internal operation and marketing management. My name is Linger Zheng, and I am responsible for assisting in creating, implementing and completing Cookie Barââ¬â¢s marketing plan. Introduction Cookies Bar is a sole proprietorship business with the vision of giving cookies at a reasonable and Fair Price. Our main goal is To make remarkable, imaginative, great cookies and give them provincially at a reasonable cost in a our cookies shop. Our qualities are quality fixings and reasonable costs. Our monetary destinations are to attain to a normal deals exchange of $7 every client before the end of the first year and to build the first year benefit by 6% in the second year operation. The top neighborhood competitors are capable of producing incomes of over $500,000 every annum and are reasonable as most have been doing business for a long time or more. Monetary projections demonstrate that the business will have positive trade stream in for cold hard currency the first month of operations as 35percent of income produced. Startup cost will be around $40,000 with a net income of about $160,000 in the first year. Industry TrendsShow MoreRelatedMarketing Pl Subway Marketing Strategy1042 Words à |à 5 PagesSummary The marketing plan bonds with the overall financial and business plan. This plan contents a strategy for success, and breaks it down into coherent, actionable components that will aid The Sub Shop to implement marketing activities to obtain a return on investment. The following areas will help explain, how the company organise differentiation from the competition, and define the strategy that will drive its business forward. The aim of the marketing plan is to evaluate Subway marketing strategiesRead MoreBusiness Analysis : Rhubarb Bakers1326 Words à |à 6 Pages Executive Summary: Rhubarb Bakers is a business based on gourmet dessert bar concept and is located in Brownbay, Northshore, Auckland . It is considered as a quick -service dessert bar where customers can watch chefs creating their desired desserts. Dessert show and the product is the selling point for the business. For this particular business Beach front lane of brownsbay is considered as great location as there is a huge foot traffic and the locality is fond of eating at dine-in places insteadRead MoreCold Stone Creamery: Marketing Strategy1541 Words à |à 7 PagesMarketing is the key to a successful business and in todays economy every organization should have a marketing plan in place. The organization discussed in the following paper is Cold Stone Creamery, the paper will entail a brief overview of the organization, and a description of a new product that Cold Stone Creamery will introduce. Since marketing is so important there is an explanation of how marketing is important to the success of Cold Stone Creamery and an analysis of the strengths, weaknessesRead MoreSample Business Plan - Pastry Shop1386 Words à |à 6 PagesPATISSERIE DELIGHTS by SIETE ONSE ââ¬â STUDENT BUSINESS PLAN Note: This document is intended only for school requirement. There is no ââ¬Å"Patisserie Delightsâ⬠by SIETE ONSE Pastry Shop as described below. The names, addresses, phone numbers and email addresses used are invented. The data and studies cited are fictitious. May 20, 2013 BBA MM 2-3, SIETE ONSE Group Buenaventura, Gladyz Capuso, Czarilyn Karamihan, Ena Marie Gwyneth Guerta, Daniel Orbe, Joshua Rafol, Rehum Valencia, Aaron Jay Table of ContentsRead MoreThe Marketing Pl Cowsmoo Milk Bar1357 Words à |à 6 Pagessustain the profitability of our business, and not turn off our customers by being overly pushy. Loyalty Status: Cowsmoo Milk Bar strives to make our consumer base consist of hard-core loyalists. We realize that this is an unobtainable goal in the early stages of our development, but we are confident that our hybrid blend of affordability and exemplary quality makes this dream a possibility. Once our customers have tried our product, and compared our quality and prices with those of our competitorsRead MoreRMS Test Question Paper1471 Words à |à 6 PagesDate: Start Time: Stop Time: TASK 1 ââ¬â NUMERIC TEST Instructions: Solve each problem using the workspace provided. Record your answers on the answer sheet provided. You are welcome to use a calculator for your analyses. 1. International Juice Inc. plans to introduce a new line of fruit juices with three different flavors: cherry, grape and apple. 50% of buyers will buy cherry, 20% will buy grape, and 30% will buy apple. Cherry buyers will buy an average of 1.2 cans at a time, grape purchasers 1.4Read MoreIntroduction Of The Hershey Company Essay1099 Words à |à 5 Pageswhen machine wrapping was introduced. In 1963, The H.B. Reese Candy Company was purchased by the Hershey Chocolate Corporation. In Between the years of 1925 and 1939, Mr. Good bar, Hershey s Syrup, Crackle Bar, and Hershey s Miniatures were introduced. In 1945 Hershey s ran a good competition against a nutritional bar called Field Ration D. Sadly this was also the year that Milton Hershey passed away. Until this very day, a lot of different and awesome tasting chocolates were introduced. ProductRead MoreThe Multinational Company Nestle : The Biggest Fmcg Company Of The World1701 Words à |à 7 Pagesbeen enhanced globally. Politics, economy, culture, technology and social circumstances in different countries are some of the issues that make the international marketing very hard (Hofstede, 2003). The aim of this project is to highlight the issues that occur due to differences of culture and designing and implementation of marketing strategies when organizations are operating in different countries. For this project I have chosen the multinational company Nestle; the biggest FMCG company in theRead MoreMarket Potential1708 Words à |à 7 Pagesbiscuits, wafers, cracers and cookies type. In Malaysia, the headquarters succesfully established at Johor, around 1991. The Munchyââ¬â¢s term was derived from the Mandarin term ââ¬Å"Mai Oiâ⬠.â⬠Maiâ⬠which means flour or wheat and ââ¬Å"Oiâ⬠that refers to the magical quality found in itââ¬â¢s deli cious wafer.Nowadays, the brands distributed all over country including Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East, Africa, North America and Latin America to expand the networking branched. The main marketing objectives of company includeRead MoreSpecial K. Product Life Cycle1657 Words à |à 7 Pagesspecial k bars to the product range in 1999, to target the lucrative female market. The company has gradually introduced a range of flavors and varieties such as Special K bars apple Pear, chocolate, and Red berry. The parent company for special K is Kelloggââ¬â¢s and itââ¬â¢s a worldwide company for producing cereals. In 2010 sales reached nearly $12 billion, Kellogg Company is the worldââ¬â¢s leading producer of cereal and a leading producer of convenience foods, including cookies, cereal bars, and fruit-flavored
Saturday, December 14, 2019
Cultural Event Paper Free Essays
A cultural event that I have attended in the past that has had a memorable affect on my life was a Native American Powwow. This event takes place every year, Thanksgiving weekend in Tucson, AZ. I arrived in the late afternoon, as the sun was going down. We will write a custom essay sample on Cultural Event Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now I remember seeing many different types of people, from tourists to the different Native American performers. The physical setting of this particular celebration was outside, and based around, one main circle. Drums were beating so loud, you could feel the pound inside your chest. Different activities were going on all around, such as dancers, vendors, and a huge variety of foods to choose from. The circular dancing arena is known as the arbor, this area is blessed before any of the events begin (Schultz, 2001). This area is considered to be sacred ground, and is respected throughout the entire celebration (Schultz, 2001). The arbor was made of tree limbs and leaves. The four main entries into the festivities were used to resemble the four points of a compass (Schultz, 2001). The dancers entered from the east entrance, and the main announcer was located by the West entrance. Many spectators were sitting on blankets, and some on lawn chairs. The environment was relaxed, and a very friendly atmosphere. The activities included dance and drum contests, different ceremonies, and many different vendors. The crafts were all handmade and amazing. Each piece looked as if it were specially made from the heart. The Native American culture to me felt festive, warm, and very inviting. The dancerââ¬â¢s come from many different tribes. Their faces were painted, and their costumes consisted of beautiful festive colors. They were made of feathers, sequence, dye, and other natural fabrics. A powwow is a Native American gathering, or celebration that began with the Plains tribe, and continued to other Native American tribes through the years (Schultz, 2001). A powwow is also the oldest known public ritual of the Native Americans (Schultz, 2001). This culture considers this particular festivity, a celebration of the circle of life. They include much of their culture in their dance, music, art, food, and drumming, especially while performing these rituals (Schultz, 2001). In the past powwows took place around seasonal changes. This changed as non-natives began to join in celebrating these Native American customs (Schultz, 2001). Native American powwows earliest record dates back to July 4th, 1900 in a Missoula, MT newspaper (Schultz, 2001). Native Americans hold a type of esoteric concept that comes from their philosophy of preserving their environment as well as their kinship that ties them together (Access Genealogy, 2009). They not only have social ties, they are politically and religiously organized through their rituals, government, and other institutions (Access Genealogy, 2009). They work together to reside in a territorial area, and speak a common language (Access Genealogy, 2009). They are not characterized by any one certain structure (Access Genealogy, 2009). However, the society agrees on fundamental principles that bond together a certain social fabric (Access Genealogy, 2009). Different Native American tribes throughout the years have had different ideas, opinions, philosophies, which are not always predetermined by their past ancestors. The roots and customs of Native American tribes run deep. A feeling of respect and tradition is in the air. Every little detail has meaning and a certain level of pride and of importance to each individual taking part in the ceremony. According to Access Genealogy, 2009, ââ¬Å"Humanities are studies of the human condition, whether it is the study of art, sociology, anthropology, literature, history, or any other human endeavor. â⬠Humanities are the core of humanism, and are the product and creativeness of each individual society. Each cultureââ¬â¢s has its own form of expression; in this case, it was the powwow. This was a way to entertain and promote awareness to the Native American culture. They are not afraid to show who they are, like other cultures, which can be more refined in the way they celebrate. Native Americans choose to embrace their heritage, and make it a part of their everyday lives. They are trying to hold on to a special place from their past, and not let it slip away. America is known as the ââ¬Å"Melting Potâ⬠with many different cultures, I believe that celebration is a way for each culture to hold onto their identity, and gain respect in a world that is constantly changing. How to cite Cultural Event Paper, Papers
Friday, December 6, 2019
Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Statements - Free Sample
Question: 1. Describe what you understand by the above statement and explain briefly the qualitative characteristics. 2. Discuss and describe two IASB / AASB accounting standards and the utilisation of the qualitative characteristics to promote decision useful information. 3. Select a company from the Australian Securities Exchange website and download the most recent annual report. With regard to your chosen standards, and in the context of your company annual report, comment on the effect the qualitative characteristics have had on the financial statements. Answer: Introduction The qualitative characteristics of financial statements are quite important. The report has been prepared analysing the various factors such as the qualitative characteristics of financial statements as mentioned in the AASB accounting standards, discussion and description of two IASB / AASB accounting standards i.e. AASB 10 and AASB 138 and the utilisation of the qualitative characteristics to promote decision useful information and lastly the analysis of the financial statements of Origin Energy Ltd for the qualitative characteristics. (1) Qualitative Characteristics of Financial Statements The qualitative characteristics of the financial statements are considered to be important for the effective and efficient decision making for the investors. The essence of the developing the accounting standard is to develop the financial information that can enable the investors and other decision makers outside the company to understand the different aspects of the business and to develop understanding on the competitiveness of the organization. These qualitative characteristics are beneficial for the companies as well, as it is the basis for the companies to take suitable actions. The qualitative characteristics as mentioned in AASB framework for the preparation and presentation of financial statements are ( Beest, Braam Boelens, 2009) Relevance: The financial dealings of the company involve large number of transactions. There is accounting information that is presented to stakeholders internal and external to the business. The key characteristics of the relevant information contained in the financial statements are predictive value and confirmatory value. The predictive and confirmatory value is associated to the ability to accurately predict the earnings capability of the company. Further the relevance of the financial statements can be considered based on completeness. Unless the information provided in the financial statements has complete information it will not be relevant. This is the fundamental characteristic of the financial statements. Reliability: It is the quality that authorizes the users of the financial statements to rely on it with surety. It is regarded as faithful representation and is reasonably free from biasness and errors. The concept of reliability includes the following aspects Identification criteria that is backed by realistic demonstration Material and economic reality as divergent to legal form Impartial or detachment free from partial consideration or deformation of information Carefulness and vigilant guess so that overstatement of assets or revenues or minimization of liabilities or operating cost isnt there No errors, false assumptions or decapitating presentations and materiality is ensured Comparability: The representation of the accounting information in the financial statements should be such that not only assists in the assessment of an entity at a certain point or given period but should also assist in analysing the information from similar but different entities. It helps the users to identify the similarities and the difference of the events and conditions prevailing in two entities but also analyse the performance of the entities under similar condition. This is important from the viewpoint of resource allocation. One of the important aspects of comparability is the consistency. Consistency in employing the accounting practices greatly impacts the comparability as variance in accounting standards that are being employed will have huge impact on the profitability and other figures in the income statement (Hirst, Hopkins Wahlen, 2004). Understandability: It means the ability of the users to understand the information with the viewpoint of decision making. This is the user specific quality as the understanding of the users to comprehend a given set of information will differ. Thus it is important that the financial information is produced in such a way so as to have a reasonable understanding of business and economic activities and develop the willingness to study the information in order to gain financial expertise of reasonable level. It is important that information related to complex matters needs to be presented, if important or material needs to be represented in understandable level without compromising with the quality of information. The complete study of the qualitative characteristics highlight that the IASB conceptual framework, in this respect, does not provide any guideline on how the financial statements need to be prepared but does provide the basis for the preparation of the financial statements. These qualitative characteristics need to be supported by the characteristics such as verifiability and timeliness. These are considered as enhancing qualitative characteristics. Verifiability will provide the basis for ensuring that the information that is provided is correct and the timeliness of the information will ensure timely availability of information which is an important aspect in decision making (Beest, Braam Boelens, 2009). This understanding and the viewpoint for the preparation of the financial statements is quite important and adherence to these aspects will certainly impart quality to the financial statements that will assist in decision making. (2) Utilisation of the qualitative characteristics in AASB Accounting Standard As discussed above the AASB established the standards for the preparation and presentation of financial statements. This was the basis of the other accounting standards that have been developed. AASB 10 for Consolidated Financial Statement and AASB 138 for Intangible Assets are quite important and essential for the development of financial statements. These have been discussed below AASB 10: Consolidated Financial Statements The accounting standard AASB 10 provides the principles for the preparation and presentation of the consolidated financial statements when one or more than one entity is being controlled by one entity. Certain conditions have been established for satisfying the controlling factor. These are (CPA Australia, 2011a) Power over the investee Rights to the variable returns as a result of the involvement with investee Ability to use the power to affect the returns to the investor However there are certain cases wherein there is no need to prepare the consolidated financial statements. These are (BDO, 2013) The parent company itself is the wholly owned or partially owned subsidiary and the other owners do not object to parent not presenting the consolidated financial statement The debt or equity instruments are not traded publicly The parent company of the parent company is producing the consolidated financial statement In case of non-controlling interests in an entity, the same must be shown in the statement of financial position separate from the equity that has been employed. AASB 138: Intangible Assets AASB 138 comprehensively deals with the intangible assets accounting. It replaces general requirements of the accounting standards for revaluation of non-current assets, depreciation, acquisition, revaluation and accounting for goodwill. This accounting standard isnt applicable for financial assets, expenditure on development extraction of oil related resources and Exploration evaluation assets while softwares are included in AASB 138. AASB 138 gives the definition of intangible assets, recognition, measurement and disclosure of intangible assets. Further classification of intangible assets as internally and externally generated. Further treatment of different intangible assets is described with illustrations (CPA Australia, 2011b). According to AASB 138 research cost can be expensed whereas the capitalization is to be done for the development cost. AASB 138 states that measurement of the intangible asset will be based on different consideration for each of the assets as separately acquired, acquired in business combination, assets acquired free of charge, assets acquired in exchange for non-monetary assets and internally generated assets that satisfy the recognition criteria. The two models that have been mentioned for the measurement of intangible assets are cost model and revaluation model (Lightfoot, 2013). Cost model is carried out by reducing the cost by the accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. The revaluation model considers the fir value i.e. value as per the active market. The companies that are preparing the financial statements based on these regulations clearly highlight all the factors that have been mentioned above provide more clarity and knowledge on how the assets have been utilised. Further employing the fair value accounting in the valuation also ensures that value of the assets is aligned with the market parameters rather on the basis of book value. Further if there is any reduction in the valuation or impairment taking place, it will be included in the financial statements of the company. This would be backed by the performance of the company as the value of the intangible assets and the impairment, as identified above, is directly linked to the performance and the market forces. Overall considering the factors discussed above and inter-relating these factors with the qualitative characteristics clearly shows that these accounting standards do conform by these characteristics. However there may be issue with the understandability due to hig h level of complexity related to the aspects that have been covered by these accounting standards and the applicability of these standards for the assets of the company which are quite important. (3) Financial Statement Analysis: Origin Energy Ltd With respect to the various aspects that have been discussed above the effect the qualitative characteristics have had on the financial statements have been analysed based on the financial statements of Origin Energy Ltd. included in the annual report for the year 2014. Firstly the income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement and the statement of changes in equity clearly shows the value for the current year and the previous year. This enables the comparability with respect to different aspects such as interest, revenue, profitability, assets, liabilities, equity or any other aspect related to the cash flow. Secondly it has been reviewed that the financial statements include the notes to the financial statements. These notes discuss in detail the various aspects of the financial statements. The notes to the financial statements include separate discussion on each of the aspects. The key features as highlighted from the notes to the financial statement highlights that the company has included each and every aspect in the notes to the financial statements and complete detail on each and every aspect has been provided. For example the detailed discussion on aspects such as amortization, impairment or depreciation has been provided in much detail and thus assisting investors in understanding the level of impact on the performance. One of the most important and considerable factor that is to be considered is that the financial statement includes the statement for reconciliation of profit after income tax to net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities. This is quite useful in understanding the performance of the company. This highlights what are the aspects that impacted the cash flow and the liquidity in the company. Apart from these factors the annual report contains the message from the chairman and other high level management and their perspective on the performance of the company. Further the financial review, objectives from the coming year and the risks associated with the business have been identified. It enables the users of the financial statements to correlate these factors with the current years performance and the future profitability and the business environment. The annual report of the company also includes the sustainable report on the environment, land, employment and community specifying the key aspects and the strategy of the company in these aspects. Overall the above discussion with respect to the qualitative characteristics of the financial statements of the Origin Energy Ltd shows that company has ensured that the aspects related to the accounting standard for ensuring these characteristics in the financial statements is there. This has been done in quite detail which is very useful for the investors. For example the segment report seems to be quite inadequate and may require further detail on such aspects. Lastly considering the regulations that have been discussed above i.e. AASB 10 AASB 138 have been considered and information has been provided accordingly. The company has provided the complete details on the non-controlling interest that is there in the subsidiaries. The above discussion clearly highlights the company need to ensure that the company has prepared detailed financial statement with due consideration to the different accounting standards. References CPA Australia. (2011a). International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements. Available At: CPA Australia. (2011b). International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS): IAS 38 Intangible Assets. Available At: Lightfoot, S. (2013). Research into the accounting for intangible assets. Available At: BDO. (2013). Will the new consolidation and joint arrangements standards change your financial statements? Available At: Beest, F.V., Braam, G. Boelens, S. (2009). Quality of Financial Reporting: measuring qualitative characteristics. Hirst, D., Hopkins, P. Wahlen, J. (2004). Fair Values, Income Measurement, and Bank Analysts Risk and Valuation Judgments. The Accounting Review, 79(2), 453-472.
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